A HYIP is a high yield investment program that promises enormous returns. Essentially, it is a type of financial pyramid that is dangerous for participants.

A shitcoin is a derogatory name for coins and tokens with no real value, technology, or prospects. Such projects are often backed by dubious teams or amount to outright deception of investors.

Inflating the hype is the artificial stoking of interest around a crypto project or token through intrusive advertising and exaggerated promises, which often accompanies dubious and fraudulent schemes.

A refund is the return of invested funds to participants, which may occur when a project closes ahead of schedule or, in some cases, after a fraudulent scheme has been exposed.

Volatility is a measure of how much an asset's price varies over a given period. The stronger and more frequent the price swings, the higher the volatility and the associated risk for market participants.